Mustansiriyah Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

Verification of the amount of Annual rainfall using satellite images and GIS analysis in Iraq

Sarmad Najah

Alsalhy

Jasim H Kadhum

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47831/mjpas.v3i3.197

Keywords: Rainfall, Digital analysis, GIS, Kriging, Iraq

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Abstract

The amount of rainfall appreciation considered one of the most important data that affects many aspects of development and Sustainability in Iraq. Remote sensing (RS) is the study of gathering and analyzing data remotely using sensors that are not near the thing viewed. The dataset came from the UK's Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the US National Centre currently provides - the Department of Energy Long-term support for Atmospheric Science with high-resolution (120) satellite images. The study area exposed to several climatic factors that led to a large difference in amounts of rainfall. It analyzed for the large period (2011 - 2020) to extract an annual average. The northwestern regions received the most rain, while the western and southern regions received the least. The images analyzed were widely used for the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) program that served digital analysis and kriging interpolation. The number of images provides a multi-image. Each image represented a month of the year for ten years and was collected to extract the annual rainfall as a ratio for one year. The results showed that the digital analysis method displayed for rainfall, the highest value recorded (729.22 mm); the lowest value was (79.48 mm). The kriging indicator showed values close to the first method while providing data for the amounts of rain in every part of the study area. Knowledge about the uncertainties may record the applicability of these items for quantifying and proceedings these items' behavior characteristics essential to make applications simplification. Whereas the comparison between the kriging indicators with observed annual rainfall yield performed by linear equation (LQ) the value of its constant was (8.49). The GIS was a very good and efficient tool for calculating the amount of rainfall from satellite images Predicting rainfall patterns and the assessment of the amount of rainfall in the general circulation contributes to a better understanding of the ecosystem, biodiversity, and treatment of key crisis issues.