the Study of the effect of temperature and concentration variations of some additives in some polymers on the Seebeck effect coefficient and its energy gap

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the Seebeck effect on certain polymers as well as the effect of temperature on their energy gap, therefore the research is divided into two parts, the first concerning the Seebeck effect, and its samples were prepared by adding different concentrations (0.0, 0.028, 0.054, 0.079%) of sodium chloride, sodium carbonate and potassium sulfate to solutions of each of PVA, PEG, CMCHV, PVP and PAM in twice-distilled water. The Seebeck effect coefficient remained practically unchanged with the addition of different concentrations of additives in PEG solutions, but increased with increasing concentrations and temperature in PVP solutions. As for CMCHV solutions and PAM solutions, it decreased with increasing concentrations and temperature .The second part measures the change of energy gap of thin polymer films to which different concentrations of citric acid have been added (40, 57, 66, 72%) due to the change in temperature. The energy gap decreased for all samples with increasing temperature and citric acid concentrations. These results will allow to improve the thermoelectric and electrical properties of polymers and use them in many fields such as industry, medicine and science.