Mustansiriyah Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

Antioxidants in the volatile oils of medicinal plants

Radhiyah Ali Hasan Ahmad1 Suha Dhia Abid Ali Twaij2 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times in the treatment of diseases, and this is confirmed by scientists and sages, where herbal medicine is the oldest known method of medicine, and a number of countries still rely on plants to treat their diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) has pointed out a large number of the world's population depends on the use of medicinal herbs as a primary medicine for the treatment of a number of diseases. The global census of medicinal plants is estimated at about 300,000 species, and only 2,500 plants are classified, as there are in some parts of medicinal plants more than 50 compounds and one of the most important effective compounds found in medicinal plants are volatile oils or aromatic oils.

Stability and Stabilization of Integro-Differential Perturbed Nonlinear System

Ruqaya Ali Oribi 1 Sameer Qasim Hassan2 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this paper is to presented a problem formulation which is Integro-Differential perturbed of main matrix of nonlinear systems involving nonlinear functional one of them is an integro nonlinear function. The issue is to study the stability and stabilization of behavior solution, whetre in stabilization the system forced by feedback control function to grantee the exponentialy stable. Moreover the probability density function appered as a function in mailed solution of proposal problem formulation, some interesting examples explained the stability result which included the sufficient conditions of exponentialy stable and stabilization

Comprehensive Image Classification using Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model with Advanced Feature Extraction on Coco Dataset

Zahraa Haimeed Rasool 1 Maha Adham Abdel Amir 2 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A fundamental computer vision challenge is object detection, which involves pinpointing and classifying objects in an image or video. This capability opens up many possibilities in autonomous vehicles, surveillance, and image analytics. In this study, the proposed hybrid CNN_LSTM model is employed to classify various categories within the Coco dataset, spanning common everyday objects, animals, vehicles, and more. The workflow includes steps to enhance image data and extract pertinent features. Initially, RGB images were converted to grayscale to simplify processing, followed by histogram equalization to enhance the contrast and median blur for noise reduction. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) were used for feature extraction. The architecture employs a proposed hybrid CNN_LSTM model structure, combining Convolutional Neural Spatial and sequential patterns are captured by CNNs and LSTM networks. This effective hybrid neural network classifies images using preprocessing and feature extraction. The model performed well on the COCO dataset, with an accuracy of 0.9917, precision of 0.991738, recall of 0.991695, and F1 score of 0.999949, supported by consistent loss reduction and accuracy improvement in its training history, proving its pattern recognition abilities.

Analysis and Study of the Electrical Properties of Nano ZnO.Cu/Al Schottky Diode

Zainab Kadhom Hamzh1 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Schottky diode (semiconductor/metal) ZnO.Cu/Al was prepared by using the bar-coating method to prepare films of ZnO.Cu on aluminum substrate. Powders of zinc oxide doped with copper were previously prepared with different Cu doping ratios. These powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction showed the have a polycrystalline structure, and also using a field emission scanning electron microscope to confirm the morphology of the prepared powders, which it turned out to be nanostructures with a relatively uniform distribution. The properties of the prepared Schottky diode were studied, and the diode parameters were calculated, including voltage barrier, saturation current, ideality factor, and rectification factor through the relationship between current and voltage at forward and reverse bias as a function to the different Cu doping ratio and the best rectification factor was 4.91at highest Cu doping ratio.

Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic sponge surface Coating by Fe2o3-Mgo nanocomposite

sabah H. Jumaah1 Raad S. Sabry2 Wisam J. Aziz3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, Fe2O3 (NPs), MgO(NPs) and Fe2O3-MgO nanocomposite were successfully synthesis by hydrothermal method. By adding different molar ratios of stearic acid( 0.05,0.2 mol) using dip coting method to fabrication of superhydrophobic Fe2o3-Mgo nanocomposite coated on sponge surface was successfully manufactured. The stearic acid act as reduce of surface free energy . The XRD pattern of Fe2O3-MgO nanocomposite shows that the XRD pattern Consists diffraction peaks of both of iron oxide and magnesium oxide. FESEM images of coated sponges show that all coated sponges share a strikingly similar morphology. They show layered structure and roughness in the surface topography, with plates arranged parallel to each other. According to the AFM results, the nanocomposite (Fe2O3-MgO) showed the highest surface roughness among the three samples, with Ra reaching 69.41 nm and Rq 83.30 nm. The contact angles for samples with(0.05 and 0.2) equal 153.8°,158o. respectively. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between the molar ratio of fatty acid to nanocomposite and the contact angle. As the molar ratio increases, the contact angle also increases, due to the increased surface roughness

Influence of Electrolyte Concentration on the Photocatalytic Property of Electrochemical Anodization of SnO2 Nanostructures

Ali Jabbar Mojar1 Emad H. Hussein2 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this research, new morphological nanostructures (Ns) prepared using a simple electrochemical anodization is described. The electrochemical process was carried out on Sn foils at a constant potential of 5 V for 10 min. To study the surface morphology effect on the photoactivity, the electrolyte concentration was chosen as the key factor using 1 mM and 5 mM. X-ray diffraction (XRD) disclosed tetragonal crystalline of . Also, the surface morphologies imaged by a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) showed nanorocks and nanoparticles instead of traditional porous. Furthermore, fluorescence measurements revealed that the energy gap of was 3.76 eV. The photocatalytic efficiency for the discoloration of methylene blue (MB) dye was found to be 94 % after 140 min of solar irradiation. The results confirmed the connection of photoactivity with the electrolyte concentration and suggest the ability to fabricate high photocatalyst nanostructures preparation using this technique.

Natural Radioactivity Mapping in Soil Samples of Salah al-Din and Anbar Regions – Iraq Using GIS Technique

Emad Hameed Ahmed* Mahmood Salim Karim2, Fouad Kadam Mashi3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to identify and depict natural radiation levels (uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40) in soil samples obtained from the Iraqi governorates of Salah al-Din and Anbar. The (HPGe) detector was used in the detection system of the investigation, and maps were created using a geographic information system (GIS). Some radiological characteristics were computed based on particular activity measurements for 238U, 232Th, and 40 K. Specific activity averages are 20.422 Bq/kg for 238U, 23.008.6 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 178.726 Bq/kg for 40K. Furthermore, the radium equivalent (Raeq), absorbed dose rate (Dg), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), representative gamma hazard index (Iᵧ), and total annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) are estimated to be 67.085 Bq/kg, 30.784nGy/h, 0.181, 0.236, 0.243 and 0.083 mSv/y respectively. The specific activity of Uranium-238, Thourium-232, and Poasium-40 identified in all soil samples was under the UNSCEAR safety level. For the study region, GIS mapping for natural radioactivity and several radiological criteria were generated effectively. Finally, the Natural radioactivity and radiation properties of soil samples from Salah al-Din and Anbar were harmless.

MgO nanoparticles synthesized using chemical method for Skin cancer cell line(A375) cytotoxic assay

Nadia Jasim Ghdeeb1 Asma Hadi Mohammed2 , Aseel Mustafa AbdulMajeed3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nano particles MgO with moral crystallinity were prepared by simple chemical method. Characterizations of the nano-products were done using X-ray diffraction (XRD)which confirmed the crystal-like nature of MgO NPs. More, field emission scanning electron microscope SEM has been used to demonstrate the morphology of the nanostructures of MgO NPs. The data yielded the average partical size of MgO NPs measured by SEM and XRD(30.145)nm and(6.529)nm respectively.Energy-dispersiveX-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectrum and XRD pattern confirmed that prepared MgO NPs were very pure.According to the MTT assay of A375 cells line the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is equal to 69.16 μg/mL .

An image encryption system based on random matrix interpolation followed by iterative generation of sequences

Zheng Bojun1 Ma Tongtong2, Liu Boxuan3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

To solve the problem of image security during data transmission, researchers in the field of information security have proposed several different image encryption techniques. In recent years, chaotic systems have been widely applied to image encryption because of their extreme initial value sensitivity and pseudo-random properties. To further improve the security of the image encryption algorithm, this paper proposes a new image encryption scheme. The scheme consists of three stages, firstly, a novel two-dimensional nonlinear chaotic system is constructed using a random matrix and a bilinear interpolation function, and then the chaotic sequence generated by the iteration of the system is used to perform an XOR operation with the image, and finally, a disambiguation operation is carried out to obtain the ciphertext image. By analyzing the histogram, information entropy, adjacent pixel correlation, key sensitivity, keyspace, and differential attack. The experimental test results show that the algorithm has high security, fast encryption speed, and strong anti-attack ability.

Optical Diagnostics of Zn foil using Non thermal plasma jets (NTPJ) via high voltage

Raneen Qasem Mohammed1 Baida M. Ahmed2 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The plasma is applied on a zinc (Zn) plate using a Non thermal plasma jets (NTPJ) system that applies different high voltage at gas flow mixture (Ar/O) with a ratio of (10/1) constant at (40)l/min and time exposer 15 sec. Investigated were the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) characteristics of the Ar/O plasma on the Zn plate, when ignited at various high voltage (10, 14, and 18 KV). Using a method based on Stark broadening of the line density investigated, it was possible to determine the electron temperature in the range of (1.6-2.9) eV using the Boltzmann method, and the concentration of electrons was determined in the range of (12.3-9.9)x1017cm-3 depending on the amount absorbed by the various voltage. Other characteristics of the plasma's parameters have been determined using the (OES) for Ar/O by choosing the strong intensity spectral line's (frequency , Debye length , and Debye sphere ND) characteristics. The plasma flame's length was also measured using a ruler, it increased from 1 to 3 cm according to increasing voltage.

Measurement of Electron temperature (Te) and Electron density (ne) Cold Plasma Jets Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) Method

Basim A. Zachi1 Ziad M. Abood2, Abdulhussain A. Khadayeir3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The electron density (ne) and temperature (Te) of the cold argon plasma jets are determined at normal atmospheric pressure using the Stark expansion analysis method for two emission lines. This method depends on the Stark expansion for different lines having unlike lines depending on both the electron temperature (Te) and the electron density(ne). So, the expansion processes for comparison between two or even more lines let us determine both the electron temperature and electron density at the same time. In this study, these parameters which include both electron density (ne) also its temperature (Te) were calculated at a constant frequency (75 KHz), a constant gas flow rate (50 l/h), and sinusoidal alternating voltages (12, 16, 20) KV, at different times (10, 20, 30) sec. The results shows that increasing the potential difference leads to a rise in the electron temperature (Te), Also, it was found that the electronic density (ne) increased when the alternating voltage increased and for all times.

Hyperthermia Efficiency of Hydrothermal Synthesized Iron Sulfide Magnetic Nanoparticles

Mustafa Shakir Hashim 1* Dalal Maseer Naser 2 , Sadiq H. Lafta 3 — Sat, 30 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The hydrothermal technique was used to prepare iron sulfide magnetic nanoparticles using FeCl3⋅6H2O, thiourea, and ethylene glycol as precursors. The hydrothermal process was accomplished on a hot plate at 320°C for 18 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the production of iron sulfide with three phases. The dominant phase was (Fe3S4) greigite (67%) having a saturation magnetization of 9.1 emu/g. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images approved the creation of nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 36.24nm. Alternating coil current amplitude of 100A and the frequency of about 100kHz were exerted on the sample to accomplish the hyperthermia test. Using a shallow concentration of magnetic nanoparticles, 20μg in 1.5ml of distilled water, produced a specific loss power (SLP) of about 3548 W/g. The produced particle sizes were suitable for producing good SLP value compared to the literature due to their magnetic hysteresis loss.